This makes the spoon appear to be in a different position. The light waves have one speed in air and a different speed in water, which causes them to bend. When sound and light waves refract, the paths of the waves change, so things may look or sound different. Refraction occurs when a wave bends as it changes speed moving through a different medium. Since the path of the wave changes, the wave bends and objects may appear to be where they are not. However, if a wave changes speed, it does not continue in a straight line. When waves travel in straight lines, it allows you to judge where objects are. Waves transmit well through a medium when the path and speed of the wave are not changed much by the medium. You know that sound and light most often travel in straight lines and that they travel at certain speeds in certain media. When a wave passes through a medium, such as light passing through air or glass, it is known as transmission. When only some of the light waves transmit through a medium, it is described as translucent. A medium that transmits light well, like clear glass or air, is described as transparent. You can see sunlight that comes through a clean glass window because light transmits through glass. Waves of light and sound bend in refraction because they change speed as they pass through a medium. When a wave bends as it transmits through a medium, it is refraction. A wave passes through a medium is transmission.
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